If you’ve been denied a firearm more than once—or constantly delayed despite knowing you’re eligible—you’re likely asking yourself: What now? Do you file a challenge? Apply for a UPIN? Wait for the new federal restoration process to open?

At National Security Law Firm (NSLF), we help clients nationwide navigate the complex maze of firearm denials, delays, and rights restoration under federal law. Whether it’s a case of mistaken identity, an old record causing problems, or a legitimate federal prohibition, we help determine the right next move—and execute it.

This blog breaks down your options when you’ve been denied or delayed more than once and are ready to get clarity and closure.

First: Know Where You Stand

The first thing we do at NSLF is figure out why you’re being denied or delayed. Common reasons include:

  • Mistaken identity (you were flagged because of someone with a similar name)

  • A conviction that was expunged or sealed but never updated in NICS

  • An old mental health record that should no longer apply

  • A conviction or order that actually disqualifies you

Once we identify what’s causing the denial, we can choose the best strategy.

Option 1: Firearm-Related Challenge (NICS Appeal)

If you’ve been wrongfully denied due to an outdated or incorrect record, this is your starting point.

You can submit a challenge to the FBI, asking them to:

  • Review the reason for your denial

  • Allow you to submit documents proving your eligibility

  • Correct or remove erroneous data

We recommend filing a challenge when:

  • You were denied based on a conviction that no longer exists

  • You were mixed up with someone else

  • You have documentation showing a restoration, expungement, or dismissal

⏱ Typical turnaround: 1–3 months, but some take longer

If successful, this removes the barrier in your record and makes you eligible to apply for a VAF/UPIN to prevent future delays.

Option 2: Voluntary Appeal File (VAF) and UPIN

If your denial was overturned, or if you’re constantly delayed but not denied, the Voluntary Appeal File (VAF) is your best tool.

Submitting a VAF and obtaining a Unique Personal Identification Number (UPIN) allows you to:

  • Bypass delays caused by identity confusion

  • Prove you’ve already resolved past issues

  • Speed up future firearm purchases

You should apply for the VAF/UPIN if:

  • You’ve been delayed multiple times

  • Your previous denial was overturned but you’re still flagged

  • You have a common name or confusing record

⏱ Typical turnaround: 3–6 months

The VAF doesn’t restore your rights—it just tells the FBI not to flag you again based on previously resolved issues.

Option 3: Federal Firearm Rights Restoration (18 U.S.C. § 925(c))

If your denial is correct under federal law because you were:

  • Convicted of a felony

  • Committed to a mental institution

  • Convicted of a qualifying domestic violence offense

AND your denial cannot be cured under State Law (through expungement, pardon, etc.) then you’ll need to go through the federal rights restoration process under 18 U.S.C. § 925(c).

For over 30 years, this process was defunded. But as of 2025, the Department of Justice is preparing to reopen it, allowing individuals to petition to have their federal firearm rights restored.

We recommend preparing for restoration when:

  • You’re actually prohibited under federal law

  • You’ve served your sentence and stayed out of trouble

  • You’re ready to demonstrate rehabilitation and community support

⏱ Petition process expected to open in late 2025

✅ We can help you prepare now: court records, letters of support, personal history, etc.

Which One Is Right for You?

Situation Strategy
Wrongfully denied due to error or outdated record Challenge (NICS appeal)
Delayed every time or wrongly flagged VAF + UPIN
Convicted and still federally prohibited § 925(c) Restoration

Not sure which one applies? We help you figure it out.

Why Work With NSLF?

  • We focus exclusively on federal firearm laws, denials, and restoration.

  • We help clients nationwide—from first-time buyers to veterans to federal employees.

  • We handle challenges, VAF applications, and full 925(c) restorations.

We also handle overlapping legal issues like:

  • State expungements and pardon evaluations

  • Mental health record removals

  • Denials that affect security clearances or employment

Explore More Resources

For a deeper look into all your options, visit our main hub: 👉 Denied by NICS? Here’s How NSLF Can Help You Challenge Federal Firearm Prohibitions

Ready to Take the Next Step?

📅 Schedule a free consultation today: https://www.nationalsecuritylawfirm.com/book-consult-now/

The National Security Law Firm: It’s Our Turn to Fight for You.