Federal Firearm Prohibitions Lawyers

Being told that you are “prohibited from owning a gun” is not a complete legal answer.

The government may be relying on an accurate federal prohibition, an independent state restriction, an incomplete criminal record, an expired court order, information belonging to another person, or a legal classification that does not actually apply to your circumstances.

Each problem requires a different solution.

A NICS challenge can correct a wrongful denial, but it cannot forgive a valid prohibition. A UPIN may reduce repeated identity-based delays, but it does not restore firearm rights. An expungement may help in one jurisdiction and have no effect in another. Federal relief under 18 U.S.C. § 925(c) may remove a federal disability, but it does not automatically eliminate state restrictions.

Before deciding what to file, you must determine:

Whether you are actually prohibited;
Whether the prohibition is federal, state, tribal, or a combination;
Which event or status created the restriction;
Whether the government’s records are accurate; and
Which legal remedy can address that specific problem.

National Security Law Firm represents clients nationwide in federal firearm prohibition analysis, NICS challenges, FBI record correction, VAF and UPIN applications, pardons, military matters, and federal firearm rights restoration under § 925(c).

Schedule a confidential consultation with our federal firearm prohibition lawyers or call (202) 600-4996 to identify the source of your restriction and the legal remedy that may apply.

Why Am I Prohibited From Owning a Gun?

Most federal prohibited-person questions begin with 18 U.S.C. § 922(g).

Section 922(g) generally prohibits firearm and ammunition possession, receipt, shipment, or transportation by people falling within nine categories:

People convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year;
Fugitives from justice;
Unlawful users of or people addicted to controlled substances;
People adjudicated as a mental defective or committed to a mental institution;
Certain noncitizens based on immigration status;
People discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions;
Former citizens who renounced United States citizenship;
People subject to qualifying domestic-violence protection orders; and
People convicted of qualifying misdemeanor crimes of domestic violence.

Other federal provisions restrict firearm acquisition or transfer in additional circumstances, including when a person is under indictment for certain crimes.

The language of the statute is only the beginning. Each category has definitions, exceptions, and disputed applications. A record that appears concerning does not necessarily satisfy the federal standard.

Which Gun Rights Remedy May Apply?

The following table provides a starting point. The correct remedy depends on the complete facts and applicable federal and state law.

Your situation	Potential remedy
NICS denied you based on inaccurate information	NICS-related challenge
A court, state repository, or FBI record contains an error	FBI or source-agency record correction
You experience recurring delays or identity confusion	VAF and UPIN application
You are subject to a valid federal prohibition	§ 925(c) federal firearm rights restoration
A federal conviction created the prohibition	Presidential pardon, § 925(c), or both
A state conviction created the prohibition	State relief, federal analysis, or both
A qualifying mental-health record created the prohibition	State or agency relief, record correction, or § 925(c)
A qualifying protection order created the prohibition	Review or modification of the order, status change, or § 925(c)
A domestic-violence conviction created the prohibition	Predicate-offense analysis, state relief, pardon, or § 925(c)
A court-martial conviction or military discharge created the prohibition	Military-record relief, presidential pardon, or § 925(c)
State relief was granted but NICS still denies you	Record correction or NICS challenge
A common name causes repeated erroneous matches	Fingerprint-supported challenge and potentially VAF/UPIN
You remain prohibited under state law	Separate state relief
You are unsure whether any prohibition still applies	Federal and state legal analysis

Do not file based solely on the label attached to the record. The order, conviction, status, reporting history, and governing law must be reviewed together.

Felony Convictions Under § 922(g)(1)

Federal law generally prohibits firearm possession by a person convicted of a crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year.

The rule focuses primarily on the maximum potential punishment—not the sentence the person actually served and not merely whether the state called the offense a “felony.”

Important exceptions and qualifications apply.

Under 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)(20):

Certain business-regulation offenses are excluded;
A state misdemeanor punishable by no more than two years may be excluded;
The law of the jurisdiction where the proceeding occurred determines whether there was a conviction;
A qualifying expungement, set-aside, pardon, or restoration of civil rights may prevent the offense from being treated as a conviction; and
Relief may not eliminate the federal predicate if it expressly preserves a firearm restriction.

Questions that must be answered include:

What was the maximum possible sentence?
Was the offense classified as a state felony or misdemeanor?
Was adjudication entered?
Was the plea later withdrawn or conviction vacated?
Was the record expunged or merely sealed?
Were civil rights restored?
Did the relief preserve any firearm restriction?
Does state law continue to prohibit possession?
Are there additional convictions?

If the conviction remains a valid federal predicate, the person may need federal firearm rights restoration after a felony, a pardon, qualifying state relief, or a combination of remedies.

Fugitives From Justice Under § 922(g)(2)

Federal law prohibits firearm possession by a person who is a fugitive from justice.

This category generally concerns someone who has left a state to avoid prosecution or avoid giving testimony in a criminal proceeding. An open warrant may cause a NICS denial, but the existence of a warrant and the federal definition of “fugitive from justice” are not always interchangeable.

The analysis may involve:

Whether a warrant remains active;
Whether the person knew about the charges;
Whether the person left the jurisdiction;
The purpose of the person’s departure;
Whether the case was dismissed or resolved;
Whether the warrant belongs to the same person;
Whether a state restriction independently applies; and
Whether government databases reflect the current status.

The practical remedy may involve resolving the warrant or criminal case, correcting an inaccurate record, and then challenging the resulting NICS denial.

Section 925(c) is generally not a substitute for resolving an active fugitive status.

Unlawful Drug Use Under § 922(g)(3)

Federal law prohibits firearm possession by a person who is an unlawful user of or addicted to a controlled substance.

This is a status-based prohibition. An arrest alone does not automatically prove that a person is an unlawful user, and an old instance of drug use does not necessarily establish current status.

Relevant evidence may include:

Recent drug use;
Repeated use over time;
Drug-related arrests;
Admissions;
Positive tests;
Treatment records;
Drug paraphernalia;
A medical-marijuana card;
Information reported on government forms; and
The timing of the alleged use in relation to firearm possession.

Marijuana remains a controlled substance under federal law even when state law permits medical or recreational use. State legalization does not by itself change the federal classification.

The current DOJ § 925(c) rule treats marijuana differently from other controlled substances for certain restoration presumptions, but that does not mean marijuana use is generally lawful under federal firearms law.

Our guide to drug use, marijuana, and federal firearm rights under § 922(g)(3) explains why a drug arrest, admission, and current unlawful-user status are not interchangeable.

Potential remedies may include:

A NICS challenge if the status was applied incorrectly;
Record correction;
Demonstrating that the alleged status no longer exists;
Waiting until a current status changes;
Addressing an underlying state conviction; or
§ 925(c) relief when legally and strategically appropriate.

Mental-Health Adjudications and Commitments Under § 922(g)(4)

Federal law prohibits firearm possession by a person who has been adjudicated as a mental defective or committed to a mental institution.

Those are legal terms. Receiving therapy, taking medication, seeking voluntary inpatient care, experiencing a mental-health crisis, or receiving a diagnosis does not automatically establish a § 922(g)(4) prohibition.

The analysis may require reviewing:

The petition that initiated the proceeding;
The commitment or adjudication order;
Whether the admission was voluntary or involuntary;
The authority of the person or body issuing the determination;
Whether a hearing occurred;
The findings in the order;
The duration and legal effect of the commitment;
Whether the person was adjudicated incompetent;
Whether the record was properly reported;
Whether a state or agency relief program is available; and
Whether relief has already been granted.

DOJ’s current restoration rule generally expects a person with a § 922(g)(4) disability to exhaust an available qualifying state, territorial, or agency relief program before seeking § 925(c) restoration. The result depends on whether a compliant program exists and the applicant’s history with that program.

A person whose record is inaccurate may need source-agency or NICS correction. A person with a valid disability may need state relief, agency relief, or representation by mental-health firearm rights restoration lawyers.

Immigration Status Under § 922(g)(5)

Federal law restricts firearm possession by certain noncitizens, including people who are unlawfully present in the United States and many people admitted under nonimmigrant visas.

The statute contains exceptions for certain nonimmigrant-visa holders, including qualifying hunting-license, waiver, and official-status circumstances.

Immigration-related firearm analysis may involve:

Lawful permanent residence;
Nonimmigrant visa status;
Visa-waiver admission;
Asylum or refugee status;
Parole;
Deferred action;
Pending adjustment of status;
Employment authorization;
Diplomatic or official status;
A valid hunting license;
A waiver issued by the Attorney General; and
Changes in status that have not reached NICS.

Citizenship, green-card status, lawful presence, admission category, and employment authorization are not interchangeable.

A noncitizen should not acquire or possess a firearm based on general internet guidance. Our article explaining when a noncitizen or green-card holder may own a firearm addresses the major federal categories.

Potential remedies may include correcting immigration information, challenging an erroneous NICS denial, establishing an applicable exception, or waiting until the relevant status changes.

Dishonorable Military Discharges Under § 922(g)(6)

Section 922(g)(6) prohibits firearm possession by a person discharged from the Armed Forces under dishonorable conditions.

Not every adverse discharge creates this federal prohibition.

A dishonorable discharge is different from:

A bad-conduct discharge;
An other-than-honorable administrative discharge;
A general discharge;
An uncharacterized discharge;
An officer dismissal;
Administrative separation; or
A discharge resulting from a summary court-martial.

The precise military action and federal definition must be reviewed.

A military matter may also involve an independent prohibition arising from:

A general court-martial conviction;
A domestic-violence offense;
A protection order;
A mental-health adjudication;
An inaccurate military record; or
A civilian conviction.

Potential remedies may include:

Correcting an inaccurate NICS or military record;
A discharge-upgrade application;
A Board for Correction of Military Records petition;
A presidential pardon;
§ 925(c) restoration; or
A coordinated combination of military and federal relief.

Veterans and service members can learn more about firearm rights after military discharge, court-martial, or VA action.

Renunciation of Citizenship Under § 922(g)(7)

Federal law prohibits firearm possession by a former United States citizen who formally renounced citizenship.

This category does not generally apply merely because a person:

Lives abroad;
Holds dual citizenship;
Obtains citizenship in another country;
Allows a passport to expire; or
Expresses dissatisfaction with the United States.

A formal renunciation under federal nationality law is required.

The analysis may involve:

The formal renunciation documents;
The date and circumstances of renunciation;
Current immigration status;
Whether the record belongs to the correct person; and
Whether another prohibition applies.

Potential remedies may include record correction, immigration or nationality analysis, or § 925(c) relief.

DOJ requires a § 925(c) applicant prohibited because of renunciation to provide the formal renunciation record and an explanation of why citizenship was renounced.

Protection Orders Under § 922(g)(8)

Not every restraining or protection order triggers the federal firearm prohibition.

A qualifying order under § 922(g)(8) generally must:

Have been issued after a hearing;
Involve actual notice to the respondent;
Have provided an opportunity to participate;
Restrain harassment, stalking, threatening, or specified conduct involving an intimate partner or the partner’s child; and
Include a qualifying credible-threat finding or an express prohibition against specified force.

The federal definition of “intimate partner” also matters.

The analysis may involve:

The type of order;
The relationship between the parties;
Whether the order is temporary or final;
Whether a hearing occurred;
Whether notice was provided;
The findings and operative language;
The expiration date;
Whether the order was extended, modified, or terminated;
Whether NICS reflects the current status; and
Whether state law imposes a broader restriction.

An expired order may continue causing a denial if the database was not updated. In that situation, record correction or a NICS challenge may resolve the problem.

An active qualifying order may require review or modification in the issuing court, a change in status, or evaluation of other relief. A VAF or UPIN cannot override an active prohibition.

Misdemeanor Crimes of Domestic Violence Under § 922(g)(9)

A misdemeanor does not need to be labeled “domestic violence” to qualify under federal law.

The federal definition generally examines:

Whether the offense was a misdemeanor under federal, state, tribal, or local law;
Whether it included the required use or attempted use of physical force or threatened use of a deadly weapon;
The relationship between the defendant and victim;
Whether the defendant had counsel or validly waived counsel; and
Whether applicable jury-trial rights were exercised or validly waived.

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act expanded aspects of the federal definition to include certain dating relationships. It also created a limited five-year provision for qualifying dating-partner convictions when specified conditions are met. That provision does not automatically end every § 922(g)(9) prohibition and must be applied carefully to the particular relationship and subsequent history.

Possible remedies include:

Establishing that the offense does not satisfy the federal definition;
Correcting an inaccurate relationship or disposition record;
A NICS challenge;
Expungement or set-aside relief;
A pardon;
Restoration of civil rights;
§ 925(c) restoration; or
A combination of state and federal relief.

Our domestic-violence gun rights restoration lawyers evaluate both the predicate conviction and every available remedy.

People Under Indictment Under § 922(n)

A person under indictment for a crime punishable by imprisonment for more than one year is subject to an additional federal restriction under § 922(n).

Section 922(n) generally prohibits the person from shipping, transporting, or receiving firearms or ammunition in interstate or foreign commerce while the indictment remains pending.

It does not use the same possession language found in § 922(g), but state law, bond conditions, protection orders, or other provisions may separately prohibit possession.

The analysis should address:

Whether a qualifying indictment or information exists;
The maximum possible punishment;
Whether the case remains pending;
Whether the indictment was dismissed;
Whether a superseding charge changed the status;
Bond or release conditions;
State firearm restrictions; and
Whether NICS records reflect the current disposition.

The typical remedy is resolving the pending criminal matter or correcting a record that incorrectly shows an active indictment. Section 925(c) generally does not replace the need to resolve current charges.

Newer Federal Firearm Provisions and Transaction Restrictions

Not every federal firearm restriction creates a traditional prohibited-person category under § 922(g).

Recent federal legislation also strengthened laws concerning:

Straw purchasing;
Firearms trafficking;
Purchasing a firearm for another prohibited person;
Disposing of a firearm in furtherance of a felony, terrorism offense, or drug-trafficking crime;
Providing a firearm to someone who intends an unlawful disposition; and
Enhanced background checks for certain purchasers under age 21.

These provisions can cause a transaction to be denied, delayed, investigated, or referred to law enforcement even when the purchaser does not fall neatly within one of the nine § 922(g) categories.

A person should never make a false statement on ATF Form 4473, act as a buyer for someone else, or attempt to structure a transaction to avoid a background check.

If a denial or investigation involves alleged false statements, straw purchasing, trafficking, or an unlawful intended transfer, the matter may require federal criminal-defense counsel rather than a routine NICS challenge.

Record Errors and Mistaken Identity

Sometimes the person is not legally prohibited at all.

A NICS denial or delay may result from:

Another person with a similar name;
A shared date of birth;
Identity theft;
A missing court disposition;
A dismissed charge reported as pending;
A reduced offense reported at the original level;
An expungement that was never transmitted;
A pardon absent from the database;
An expired protection order;
A record associated with the wrong person;
A duplicate case;
Incorrect military information;
Incomplete immigration records; or
Conflicting state and federal databases.

The correct remedy may require more than one step.

For example:

Obtain the reason for the NICS denial;
Identify the court or contributing agency;
Obtain the authoritative record;
Correct the source-agency information;
Challenge the FBI Identity History Summary;
Submit a NICS-related challenge; and
Apply for the VAF if the same identity problem is likely to recur.

Our FBI firearm record correction lawyers handle inaccurate dispositions and database problems, while our NICS appeal lawyers challenge specific wrongful firearm denials.

Federal and State Firearm Restrictions Are Separate

Federal relief does not automatically remove state restrictions, and state relief does not always eliminate a federal prohibition.

A person may be:

Prohibited under both federal and state law;
Prohibited federally but not under state law;
Prohibited under state law but not federally;
Restored under one system but not the other; or
Legally restored while the government’s records remain outdated.

State laws may impose additional restrictions based on:

Misdemeanor convictions;
Probation or parole;
Pending charges;
Protection orders;
Mental-health records;
Juvenile adjudications;
Substance-use history;
Firearm permits;
Particular firearm types; or
State-specific restoration requirements.

Before purchasing or possessing a firearm, every applicable system must be analyzed.

Our guide to federal versus state gun rights restoration explains how the two bodies of law interact.

What Is a NICS Challenge?

A NICS-related challenge disputes a specific denied firearm transaction.

It may be appropriate when:

NICS relied on inaccurate information;
The matched record belongs to another person;
A disposition is missing;
A conviction was vacated, expunged, or pardoned;
Rights were legally restored;
An order expired;
The cited record does not satisfy the federal prohibition; or
The denial was otherwise legally erroneous.

You will generally need the NICS Transaction Number or State Transaction Number associated with the denied transaction.

A NICS challenge cannot forgive a valid prohibition. If the record and legal disability are accurate, restoration or another form of relief is required.

NSLF’s principal NICS appeal service explains the challenge process, supporting records, and potential next steps.

When Does a VAF and UPIN Help?

The Voluntary Appeal File is designed primarily for people who believe they may lawfully possess firearms but repeatedly experience extended delays or erroneous denials.

An approved applicant receives a unique identification number commonly called a UPIN. The FBI’s current materials refer to it as a VAF Unique Personal Identification Number or VPIN.

A VAF may help when:

You share a name with a prohibited person;
Fingerprints establish mistaken identity;
A difficult historical record must be reviewed repeatedly;
A prior denial was overturned;
An expungement or restoration record cannot be accessed efficiently during each check; or
Identity theft creates recurring matches.

A UPIN does not restore rights, bypass NICS, or guarantee a “proceed” response.

Learn more from our VAF and UPIN application lawyers.

When Is Record Correction the Right Remedy?

Record correction is appropriate when the government’s information is wrong, incomplete, or attributed to the wrong person.

The correction may need to occur with:

A court;
A police department;
A prosecutor;
A state identification bureau;
State police;
The FBI;
A military department;
A mental-health reporting authority;
An immigration agency; or
Another contributing agency.

The agency maintaining the source record often must correct it before NICS can reliably update the result.

Correcting a record is not the same as expunging a valid conviction or restoring rights. The purpose is to make the government’s information accurate.

When Is a Pardon the Right Remedy?

A pardon may be appropriate when a conviction remains valid and the applicant seeks forgiveness and relief from continuing legal disabilities.

A presidential pardon can apply to a federal offense. A governor or other authorized state body generally handles state convictions.

A full presidential pardon may remove the federal firearm disability caused solely by the pardoned federal conviction. A pardon does not remove separate convictions, statuses, court orders, or state restrictions.

Our presidential pardon lawyers prepare federal clemency petitions, while our guide explains when a pardon may restore firearm rights.

When Is § 925(c) Restoration the Right Remedy?

Section 925(c) may apply when the person is subject to a valid federal firearm disability and wants the Attorney General to restore federal firearm rights.

The applicant must establish that:

The circumstances surrounding the disability;
The applicant’s record;
The applicant’s reputation; and
The complete evidentiary presentation

support a finding that the applicant is not likely to act in a manner dangerous to public safety and that granting relief would not be contrary to the public interest.

DOJ’s final rule includes current-status, permanent, ten-year, five-year, and reapplication presumptions.

The application process may require:

State criminal-history records;
Court and sentencing records;
Proof of sentence completion;
Electronic fingerprints;
Three character references;
Mental-health or military records when applicable;
Rehabilitation evidence; and
Responses to restoration specialists.

Learn who is eligible for § 925(c) restoration or review our complete guide to federal firearm rights restoration representation.

How NSLF Determines Which Remedy Applies

The first stage of representation is diagnosis.

Depending on the case, NSLF may:

Review the NICS transaction;
Obtain the official reason for denial;
Identify every potential § 922(g) category;
Review federal and state restrictions;
Obtain an FBI Identity History Summary;
Obtain state criminal-history reports;
Retrieve court and sentencing records;
Examine protection orders;
Analyze mental-health or military records;
Review immigration documentation;
Determine whether a conviction qualifies as a federal predicate;
Assess expungement, pardon, or restoration orders;
Identify inaccurate or incomplete government records;
Evaluate § 925(c) eligibility and timing; and
Develop the remedy or coordinated set of remedies appropriate to the matter.

This prevents clients from spending time and money on a process that cannot solve their actual problem.

Why Choose National Security Law Firm?

Federal firearm prohibition cases often cross several legal systems at once.

NSLF brings together:

Federal firearms law;
NICS challenges;
FBI and source-agency record correction;
VAF and UPIN applications;
§ 925(c) restoration;
Presidential pardons;
Military justice and record correction;
Mental-health prohibitions;
Domestic-violence analysis;
Immigration law;
Security-clearance law; and
Federal administrative practice.

Our federal firearms practice is led by former United States Attorney Duane “DAK” Kees. As a former chief federal law-enforcement officer and Army Judge Advocate, DAK understands how government agencies evaluate criminal records, status-based prohibitions, legal risk, and documentary evidence.

National Security Law Firm began preparing and submitting federal firearm rights restoration matters more than a year before DOJ finalized its rule and opened the public application portal. That work gave our attorneys practical experience evaluating eligibility, reconstructing historical records, developing rehabilitation evidence, preparing character references, and adapting pending matters to an evolving federal process.

NSLF represents clients nationwide and has earned 4.9 stars across 298 Google reviews.

Learn more about what sets NSLF apart in federal firearm matters.

How Much Does Federal Firearm Representation Cost?

The fee depends on the remedy required.

NSLF’s general pricing includes:

NICS appeal representation beginning at $2,500;
Most comprehensive § 925(c) restoration matters at a $5,000 flat fee; and
Complex § 925(c) matters potentially priced at $7,500.

Record-correction, VAF, pardon, military, immigration, and state-related matters are priced according to the required scope.

Before representation begins, NSLF provides a written scope of work and defined flat fee.

Review our complete explanation of federal firearm rights restoration lawyer costs. Legal financing may also be available through a third-party provider, subject to its terms and approval.

Frequently Asked Questions About Federal Firearm Prohibitions

Does a NICS denial prove that I am prohibited?

No. A denial means NICS identified information that appeared to prohibit the transaction. The information or legal conclusion may be challenged.

Can an arrest alone make me a prohibited person?

An arrest alone does not automatically establish every federal prohibition. However, an active indictment, qualifying protection order, fugitive status, current unlawful drug use, or another status may create a restriction without a conviction.

Does completing probation restore my firearm rights?

Not automatically. Completion of the sentence may affect eligibility for relief, but a qualifying conviction can continue creating a federal prohibition after the sentence ends.

Does an expungement restore federal firearm rights?

Sometimes. The result depends on the jurisdiction, legal effect of the order, restoration of civil rights, retained firearm restrictions, and applicable federal law.

Can a misdemeanor prohibit firearm possession?

Yes. A qualifying misdemeanor crime of domestic violence can trigger § 922(g)(9). State law may also impose restrictions for other misdemeanors.

Does every restraining order create a federal prohibition?

No. The order must satisfy the statutory requirements of § 922(g)(8), although state law may impose a broader restriction.

Does voluntary mental-health treatment create a federal ban?

Voluntary treatment alone does not necessarily satisfy § 922(g)(4). The nature of any adjudication or commitment and the reporting record must be reviewed.

Does marijuana use affect federal firearm rights?

It can. Marijuana remains federally controlled even where state law permits its use. The timing and evidence of current unlawful use matter.

Does a bad-conduct discharge prohibit firearm possession?

Not automatically under § 922(g)(6), which refers to discharge under dishonorable conditions. A court-martial conviction or another independent restriction may still apply.

Can a green-card holder possess firearms?

Lawful permanent residents are not categorically prohibited merely because they are noncitizens. Immigration status and any other restrictions must still be analyzed.

Can a UPIN restore my rights?

No. A UPIN helps NICS access retained identity and record information. It does not remove a valid prohibition.

Can I apply for § 925(c) if I was denied by NICS?

Potentially, but first determine whether the denial was accurate. If the denial arose from an error, a challenge or record correction may be the better remedy.

Will federal restoration remove state restrictions?

No. Federal § 925(c) relief does not automatically restore rights under state or tribal law.

Can NSLF represent me anywhere in the United States?

NSLF represents clients nationwide in federal firearm matters. State-law components are evaluated based on the jurisdiction and scope required.

Find Out Why You Are Prohibited—and What Can Be Done

The words “federally prohibited” should begin the legal analysis, not end it.

Your next step may be a NICS challenge, a corrected court record, a VAF application, a pardon, state relief, § 925(c) restoration, or a coordinated strategy involving more than one remedy.

National Security Law Firm will identify the source of the restriction, determine whether the government’s records and legal conclusion are accurate, and explain the available path forward.

Schedule your confidential consultation with our federal firearm prohibition lawyers or call (202) 600-4996.

This page provides general legal information and is not legal advice. Firearm eligibility depends on the complete facts and all applicable federal, state, tribal, and local laws. Do not acquire or possess a firearm unless you have confirmed that no applicable prohibition remains. Past results do not predict future outcomes. This website is an attorney advertisement.